A Phase III trial randomizes 300 participants with stage III non-small cell lung cancer in a 2:1 ratio (200 to new tyrosine kinase inhibitor versus 100 to standard chemotherapy). Baseline characteristics: mean age 62, BP 128/82, HR 88, RR 16, SpO2 98% on room air. Baseline staging CT shows T3N2M0 disease. No prior chemotherapy exposure. Compared with 1:1 randomization at identical total sample size, which statistical consequence is most likely?
- A)Greater power for the same total sample size
- B)Higher specificity of the endpoint
- C)Reduced need for blinding
- D)Elimination of confounding
- E)Lower power for the same total sample sizeGABARITO
Explicação
For a fixed total sample size, 1:1 randomization provides the greatest statistical power for comparing two groups. Unequal allocation such as 2:1 is sometimes used for ethical, recruitment, or safety reasons, but it sacrifices some efficiency. More participant... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →