A 45-year-old man with a 10-year history of left temporal lobe epilepsy presents to clinic after experiencing 3 breakthrough seizures over the past month despite reported adherence to levetiracetam 1000 mg daily. He states he has been seizure-free for the past 2 years. Vital signs are stable: BP 128/82, HR 92, RR 16, temperature 37.0°C. Neurological examination is non-focal. Serum levetiracetam level is therapeutic at 18 mcg/mL. Brain MRI obtained 3 years ago demonstrated left mesial temporal sclerosis without structural change on recent imaging. There is no history of recent head trauma, fever, or medication non-compliance. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

  1. A)Add lacosamide as adjunctive antiepileptic therapy
  2. B)Increase levetiracetam dose to 1500 mg daily
  3. C)Refer for comprehensive epilepsy evaluation and consideration of temporal lobe resectionGABARITO
  4. D)Switch levetiracetam to phenytoin monotherapy
  5. E)Obtain 18-FDG PET imaging to identify potential seizure focus

Explicação

This patient has drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), defined as failure to achieve sustained seizure control despite trials of two or more appropriately chosen antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) at adequate doses. He has a documented structural lesion (mesial temporal scle... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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