A 7-month-old male presents with episodes of cyanosis worsening during feeding and crying. Parents report the infant instinctively assumes a squatting position during play. Vital signs show HR 145 bpm, RR 38, BP 95/60, SpO2 78% on room air. Examination reveals a harsh systolic ejection murmur at the left sternal border. Chest X-ray demonstrates a "boot-shaped" heart with decreased pulmonary vascular markings. The infant denies recent respiratory infections. Which anatomic abnormalities best explain these findings?
- A)Atrial septal defect, tricuspid stenosis, pulmonary edema, and left ventricular hypertrophy
- B)Endocardial cushion defect with mitral atresia
- C)Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, left ventricular hypertrophy, and PDA
- D)Transposed great vessels, PDA, and coarctation
- E)Ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular outflow obstruction, and right ventricular hypertrophyGABARITO
Explicação
Tetralogy of Fallot consists of right ventricular outflow obstruction, right ventricular hypertrophy, overriding aorta, and ventricular septal defect. Cyanotic spells worsen with decreased systemic vascular resistance and improve with squatting, which increase... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →