A case-control study investigates risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary care population. Researchers identify 500 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL) and 500 age-matched controls without diabetes from the same clinic. Participants are questioned about their weight history and lifestyle factors. Among diabetic patients, 320 had a BMI >30 kg/m² at baseline; among controls, 100 had a BMI >30 kg/m². Physical activity levels were similar between groups. Which of the following best estimates the odds ratio of obesity as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
- A)1.6
- B)2.1
- C)3.2GABARITO
- D)4.8
- E)6.4
Explicação
In a case-control study, the odds ratio is calculated as (a×d)/(b×c), where a = cases with exposure (320), b = cases without exposure (180), c = controls with exposure (100), d = controls without exposure (400). OR = (320×400)/(180×100) = 128,000/18,000 = 7.11... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →