A 34-year-old woman presents with sudden pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea 5 days post-cesarean delivery. Vital signs show HR 110 bpm, RR 24/min, BP 128/82 mmHg, SpO2 88% on room air. Arterial blood gas reveals pH 7.48, PaCO2 32 mmHg, PaO2 62 mmHg. CT pulmonary angiography demonstrates segmental pulmonary artery filling defect. She denies recent leg swelling. Which pathophysiologic change is most likely present in the affected lung regions?
- A)Decreased ventilation and decreased perfusion
- B)Decreased ventilation and normal perfusion
- C)Increased perfusion and decreased dead space
- D)Normal ventilation and decreased perfusionGABARITO
- E)Increased diffusion capacity due to capillary recruitment
Explicação
Normal ventilation and decreased perfusion is correct. Pulmonary embolism blocks blood flow to ventilated alveoli, creating areas of high ventilation perfusion ratio and increased physiologic dead space. This produces acute hypoxemia and pleuritic symptoms in ... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →