A 45-year-old woman with stage 2 hypertension is enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing a new ACE inhibitor (lisinopril-amlodipine combination) to standard monotherapy (lisinopril alone). At baseline, both groups have mean systolic blood pressure of 155 mmHg. After 12 weeks of treatment, the combination therapy group achieves a mean SBP of 135 mmHg (95% CI 130-140 mmHg), while the monotherapy group achieves a mean SBP of 138 mmHg (95% CI 133-143 mmHg). The p-value for the between-group difference is 0.08. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of these findings?
- A)The combination therapy is significantly superior because it achieved a 3 mmHg greater reduction in blood pressure
- B)The results demonstrate a Type I error, as the p-value exceeds the conventional significance threshold
- C)The finding is statistically non-significant; the overlapping confidence intervals and p-value > 0.05 indicate insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesisGABARITO
- D)The study proves the null hypothesis is true and both treatments are equally effective
- E)The result is statistically significant because the confidence intervals do not completely overlap at zero
Explicação
The correct interpretation is that the result is NOT statistically significant. With p = 0.08 (>0.05 alpha level) and overlapping confidence intervals (130-140 vs 133-143), there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the combination therapy is superior to ... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →