A 45-year-old woman with stage 2 hypertension is enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing a new ACE inhibitor (lisinopril-amlodipine combination) to standard monotherapy (lisinopril alone). At baseline, both groups have mean systolic blood pressure of 155 mmHg. After 12 weeks of treatment, the combination therapy group achieves a mean SBP of 135 mmHg (95% CI 130-140 mmHg), while the monotherapy group achieves a mean SBP of 138 mmHg (95% CI 133-143 mmHg). The p-value for the between-group difference is 0.08. Which of the following is the most appropriate interpretation of these findings?

  1. A)The combination therapy is significantly superior because it achieved a 3 mmHg greater reduction in blood pressure
  2. B)The results demonstrate a Type I error, as the p-value exceeds the conventional significance threshold
  3. C)The finding is statistically non-significant; the overlapping confidence intervals and p-value > 0.05 indicate insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesisGABARITO
  4. D)The study proves the null hypothesis is true and both treatments are equally effective
  5. E)The result is statistically significant because the confidence intervals do not completely overlap at zero

Explicação

The correct interpretation is that the result is NOT statistically significant. With p = 0.08 (>0.05 alpha level) and overlapping confidence intervals (130-140 vs 133-143), there is insufficient evidence to conclude that the combination therapy is superior to ... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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