A 72-year-old woman with a 6-month history of insomnia presents to her primary care physician complaining of a concerning episode the night after starting zolpidem 10 mg at bedtime. She reports that approximately 3 hours after taking the medication, her husband found her standing in the kitchen preparing a meal, speaking unclearly, and appearing confused. She was unable to follow commands during this 15-minute episode. The next morning, she had complete amnesia for the event. She denies prior history of sleepwalking, takes no other CNS depressants or alcohol, and has normal renal and hepatic function. Her vital signs are stable and neurologic examination is unremarkable. Which of the following best explains this adverse effect?

  1. A)Zolpidem-induced delirium secondary to impaired hepatic clearance with accumulation to toxic levels
  2. B)Complex sleep behavior occurring during NREM stage N2-N3 sleep with dissociation from wakefulnessGABARITO
  3. C)Acute anticholinergic toxicity from zolpidem's effects on cholinergic neurotransmission
  4. D)REM sleep behavior disorder with loss of atonia and dream enactment during rapid eye movement sleep
  5. E)Medication-induced psychosis from activation of dopaminergic pathways in the mesolimbic system

Explicação

Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic (Z-drug) that preferentially binds to GABA-A receptors containing the α1 subunit, which are abundant in motor areas and brainstem regions controlling arousal. At higher doses or in susceptible patients (particularly el... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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