A 7-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a 3-week history of involuntary jerking movements of his arms and legs, emotional outbursts, and difficulty with fine motor tasks such as writing. His mother reports he had a sore throat 2 months ago that resolved without treatment. On examination, he has unilateral facial grimacing, hypotonia, and a new early diastolic murmur heard best at the left lower sternal border. His mother also notes he has been dropping objects and appears clumsy. Laboratory studies reveal an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 58 mm/hr and C-reactive protein of 12 mg/dL. Throat culture obtained today is negative. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. A)Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
  2. B)Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS)
  3. C)Acute cerebellar ataxia
  4. D)Sydenham chorea as a manifestation of acute rheumatic feverGABARITO
  5. E)Wilson disease

Explicação

Sydenham chorea is the most common cause of acquired chorea in children and is a major manifestation of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). The clinical presentation is classic: involuntary jerking movements (chorea), emotional lability, hypotonia, and impaired fine ... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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