A 50-year-old man with a family history of premature coronary artery disease presents for screening. Vital signs are BP 138/88 mmHg, HR 78/min, RR 16/min, temp 37°C, SpO2 98%. Laboratory values reveal total cholesterol 240 mg/dL, LDL 160 mg/dL, and HDL 35 mg/dL. Fasting triglycerides are 150 mg/dL. He denies chest pain and takes no medications. Which lipoprotein particle property most directly determines his atherogenicity?
- A)Total LDL cholesterol concentration, which correlates linearly with cardiovascular risk
- B)Triglyceride to cholesterol ratio in VLDL remnants
- C)Size and density of LDL particles, with smaller dense particles being more atherogenicGABARITO
- D)HDL particle number relative to total HDL cholesterol mass
- E)Apolipoprotein A-I content, which determines reverse cholesterol transport capacity
Explicação
Small, dense LDL particles (pattern B) are more atherogenic than large, buoyant particles because they penetrate the arterial intima more readily, are more susceptible to oxidation, and bind poorly to LDL receptors—promoting foam cell formation and atheroscler... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →