A 54-year-old man presents for follow-up 3 weeks after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. During hospitalization, he developed acute kidney injury requiring close monitoring. His serum creatinine peaked at 3.2 mg/dL on hospital day 3 but has since declined. He now reports polyuria with urine output exceeding 4 L/day. Current laboratory values show serum creatinine 1.6 mg/dL, BUN 20 mg/dL, serum potassium 2.8 mEq/L (normal 3.5-5.0), serum sodium 128 mEq/L (normal 135-145), serum magnesium 1.4 mg/dL (normal 1.7-2.2), and serum phosphate 2.1 mg/dL (normal 2.5-4.5). Which of the following best explains the current electrolyte abnormalities and represents the primary concern requiring intervention?
- A)Hyperkalemia due to continued renal tubular dysfunction and reduced urinary potassium excretion
- B)Metabolic alkalosis from loss of hydrogen ions in dilute urine during the polyuric phase
- C)Hypokalemia from enhanced urinary potassium wasting during tubular recovery with intact glomerular filtrationGABARITO
- D)Hypermagnesemia secondary to decreased glomerular filtration rate and impaired tubular magnesium reabsorption
- E)Hypernatremia from prerenal azotemia and increased insensible fluid losses
Explicação
During the polyuric phase of AKI recovery (typically weeks 2-3 post-insult), glomerular filtration rate improves faster than tubular function recovers. This mismatch causes selective electrolyte wasting, particularly potassium, magnesium, sodium, and phosphate... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →