A 59-year-old man receiving high-dose nitroprusside for hypertensive emergency (BP 210/120 mmHg, HR 102, RR 18, SpO2 98% on room air) becomes progressively confused over 6 hours. Laboratory studies reveal severe lactic acidosis (pH 7.21, lactate 8.2 mmol/L) despite adequate oxygenation and normal renal function. He denies chest pain and has no focal neurologic deficits. Which of the following best explains this complication?

  1. A)Generation of cyanide with inhibition of cytochrome oxidaseGABARITO
  2. B)Accumulation of NAPQI
  3. C)Inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase
  4. D)Acetylcholinesterase inhibition
  5. E)Direct oxidation of hemoglobin iron to Fe3+ only

Explicação

Nitroprusside metabolism can release cyanide, especially with prolonged high dose infusion. Cyanide inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase, blocking oxidative phosphorylation and causing lactic acidosis. Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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