A 68-year-old man with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction 28%) and stage 3 chronic kidney disease presents to clinic with progressive dyspnea on exertion over the past 2 weeks. He reports orthopnea and lower extremity swelling. Current medications include lisinopril 10 mg daily, metoprolol succinate 95 mg daily, and furosemide 40 mg daily. Vital signs: BP 142/88 mmHg, HR 98/min, RR 20/min, SpO2 96% on room air. Laboratory values show: serum potassium 6.1 mmol/L (normal 3.5-5.0), creatinine 2.2 mg/dL (baseline 2.0), BUN 48 mg/dL, and LVEF remains 28% on transthoracic echocardiogram. Physical examination confirms bilateral lower extremity pitting edema and elevated jugular venous pressure. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?
- A)Discontinue lisinopril immediately and initiate sodium polystyrene sulfonate therapy
- B)Increase furosemide dose and reduce lisinopril dose from 10 mg to 5 mg dailyGABARITO
- C)Add spironolactone 12.5 mg daily to improve heart failure outcomes while monitoring potassium
- D)Discontinue lisinopril and metoprolol, and initiate hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate instead
- E)Continue all current medications and add patiromer to allow continuation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition
Explicação
In a patient with systolic heart failure on ACE inhibitor therapy presenting with hyperkalemia (K+ 6.1) and worsening volume overload, the optimal approach is to reduce the ACE inhibitor dose (which is contributing to hyperkalemia via decreased aldosterone-med... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →