A 14-year-old boy presents with polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, and fatigue for 2 weeks. Vital signs show BP 118/72 mmHg, HR 102 bpm, RR 20/min, temperature 37.2°C, and SpO2 98% on room air. Laboratory studies reveal glucose 410 mg/dL, positive anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, C-peptide 0.8 ng/mL (low), and negative urine ketones. He denies recent infections or medication use. Which of the following best explains the underlying pathophysiology?
- A)Insulin receptor downregulation from obesity
- B)Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cellsGABARITO
- C)Peripheral resistance to parathyroid hormone
- D)Somatostatin excess from pancreatic delta cells
- E)Glucagon secreting alpha cell tumor
Explicação
Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Autoantibodies such as anti glutamic acid decarboxylase and low C peptide indicate loss of endogenous insulin production. The classic presentation is polyuria, polydipsia, a... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →