A 42 year old woman presents with progressive exertional dyspnea and intermittent hemoptysis. She emigrated from an area where streptococcal infections were common and reports repeated sore throats as a child. Examination shows an opening snap followed by a low pitched diastolic rumble best heard at the apex in the left lateral decubitus position. Which of the following is the most likely underlying etiology?

  1. A)Congenital failure of ductus arteriosus closure
  2. B)Dystrophic calcification of a bicuspid valve
  3. C)Myxomatous degeneration of valve leaflets
  4. D)Post streptococcal autoimmune valvular scarringGABARITO
  5. E)Acute papillary muscle ischemia

Explicação

Mitral stenosis is classically caused by chronic rheumatic heart disease after group A streptococcal pharyngitis. The opening snap and apical diastolic rumble, together with dyspnea and hemoptysis from pulmonary venous hypertension, are classic features. Rheum... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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