A 78-year-old woman presents for routine examination. She walks daily without dyspnea or cough. She denies smoking history. Vital signs show BP 138/82 mmHg, HR 76/min, RR 18/min, temperature 37.2°C, SpO2 98% on room air. Pulmonary function tests reveal FEV1/FVC ratio of 0.82. Physical examination shows clear lung fields bilaterally with no wheezes or crackles. Which age-related respiratory change is most likely present in this patient?
- A)Increased residual volumeGABARITO
- B)Decreased closing volume
- C)Increased vital capacity
- D)Decreased alveolar arterial oxygen gradient
- E)Decreased lung compliance
Explicação
Increased residual volume is correct. Aging is associated with increased lung compliance due to loss of elastic recoil, decreased chest wall compliance, increased closing capacity, and increased residual volume. These changes contribute to a higher alveolar ar... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →