A 42-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 10-day history of progressive dyspnea, hemoptysis, and productive cough. She reports no prior medical history and takes no medications. Vital signs: temperature 37.4°C, blood pressure 148/92 mmHg, heart rate 102/min, respiratory rate 24/min. Physical examination reveals bilateral diffuse rhonchi. Chest X-ray shows bilateral patchy alveolar infiltrates. Laboratory studies reveal: serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dL (baseline 0.8 mg/dL), urinalysis with 3+ proteinuria, 3+ hematuria, and numerous RBC casts. Serum anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibody is positive. Kidney biopsy shows crescentic glomerulonephritis with linear IgG deposition along the glomerular basement membrane on immunofluorescence microscopy. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial treatment?
- A)Plasmapheresis, cyclophosphamide, and high-dose corticosteroidsGABARITO
- B)Corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil alone
- C)Hemodialysis and observation for spontaneous remission
- D)High-dose corticosteroids and azathioprine without plasmapheresis
- E)Rituximab monotherapy targeting B-cell populations
Explicação
This patient has Goodpasture syndrome (anti-GBM disease), characterized by anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies targeting the NC1 domain of type IV collagen (alpha-3 chain). The clinical presentation of pulmonary hemorrhage (hemoptysis, bilateral infil... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →