A 32-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after heroin overdose. Vital signs show BP 98/62, HR 52, RR 6, temperature 35.8°C, SpO2 84% on room air. Arterial blood gas reveals PaO2 58 mm Hg and PaCO2 62 mm Hg. Chest X-ray shows bilateral pulmonary edema. Pupils are severely constricted. No recent asthma or COPD history is documented. Which of the following additional findings is most likely?

  1. A)Marked improvement in oxygenation only with inhaled nitric oxide
  2. B)Normal A a gradient due to pure hypoventilationGABARITO
  3. C)Normal PaCO2 because only oxygen exchange is affected
  4. D)High DLCO due to alveolar hemorrhage
  5. E)Elevated A a gradient due to diffusion impairment

Explicação

Opioid overdose causes alveolar hypoventilation, which lowers alveolar oxygen and raises carbon dioxide without creating a primary V Q mismatch. Therefore the A a gradient remains normal. A widened A a gradient would suggest diffusion impairment, shunt, or V Q... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →

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