A 45-year-old woman with no significant medical history presents for routine breast cancer screening mammography. The examination is interpreted as BI-RADS 4 (suspicious for malignancy), and she is referred for ultrasound-guided biopsy. Pathology returns benign fibrocystic changes. The radiologist notes the mammography has 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity for detecting breast cancer in women aged 40-50 years. The patient asks why a positive mammogram did not definitively confirm she had cancer. Which of the following best explains this result?

1. A)Sensitivity and specificity are properties of the test that vary based on whether it is used for screening versus diagnostic purposes
2. B)The positive predictive value of mammography depends on the prevalence of breast cancer in the screened populationGABARITO
3. C)The specificity of 85% is too low; mammography should only be used if specificity exceeds 95%
4. D)Negative predictive value is a more clinically relevant parameter than positive predictive value for cancer screening
5. E)The test's 90% sensitivity indicates that 10% of women without breast cancer will test positive