A 78-year-old man with metastatic prostate cancer presents to the emergency department 2 days after initiating chemotherapy with complaints of severe muscle weakness, diffuse cramping, and paresthesias. His wife reports he has had minimal urine output since yesterday. Vital signs: BP 142/88 mmHg, HR 92 bpm, RR 18, Temp 37.2°C, SpO2 98% on room air. Laboratory studies show: Serum calcium: 6.2 mg/dL (normal albumin 4.1 g/dL) Phosphate: 5.8 mg/dL Potassium: 6.8 mEq/L Creatinine: 2.4 mg/dL (baseline 0.9) Uric acid: 12.5 mg/dL PTH: 380 pg/mL (normal 15-65) Alkaline phosphatase: normal Electrocardiography shows peaked T waves. Which of the following best explains this clinical presentation?
- A)Tumor lysis syndrome with secondary hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemiaGABARITO
- B)Primary hyperparathyroidism exacerbated by chemotherapy-induced renal dysfunction
- C)Vitamin D deficiency from decreased sun exposure during cancer treatment
- D)Osteoblastic metastases with increased bone turnover and calcium sequestration
- E)Hypoalbuminemia from hepatic metastases causing decreased serum calcium binding
Explicação
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) occurs when rapidly dividing cancer cells are destroyed by chemotherapy, releasing intracellular contents. The classic electrolyte pattern includes hyperkalemia (from cell lysis), hyperphosphatemia (from nucleic acid breakdown), and ... Ver explicação completa e trilha adaptativa →